Mindfulness-Based Intervention For Nurses In AIDS Care In China: A Pilot Study.

Background/purpose:Workplace stress among nurses providing care for people living with human immunodeficiency virus is a serious problem in China that may increase rates of job burnout and affect quality of care. Mindfulness-based intervention has been shown to be effective in relieving stress and burnout in nurses. Therefore, we designed a mixed-method pilot study to evaluate a mindfulness-based intervention for nurses providing care for people living with human immunodeficiency virus. Methods:Twenty nurses caring for people living with human immunodeficiency virus in the First Hospital of Changsha, China participated in a mindfulness-based intervention for 2 hr sessions weekly for 6 weeks. The Perceived Stress Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Beck Depression Inventory were used to collect data before and after the mindfulness-based intervention. Participants were invited to attend an in-depth interview 1 week after the end of the mindfulness-based intervention to give feedback. Results:The quantitative analyses revealed a significant change in Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire scores. There were no significant differences between pre- and post-intervention measures of any other variables. Qualitative results showed nurses experienced a decrease in work and daily life pressures; improvements in communications with patients, colleagues and families, with better regulation of negative emotions, and acceptance of other people and attention. Conclusion:This study supports the acceptability and potential benefits of the mindfulness-based intervention in helping nurses caring for people living with human immunodeficiency virus to manage stress and emotions, and improve their acceptance of others and attention. A larger study with a randomized controlled trial design is warranted to confirm the effectiveness of this mindfulness-based intervention

What explains high unemployment? The aggregate demand channel

A drop in aggregate demand driven by shocks to household balance sheets is responsible for a large fraction of the decline in U.S. employment from 2007 to 2009. The aggregate demand channel for unemployment predicts that employment losses in the non-tradable sector are higher in high leverage U.S. counties that were most severely impacted by the balance sheet shock, while losses in the tradable sector are distributed uniformly across all counties. We find exactly this pattern from 2007 to 2009. Alternative hypotheses for job losses based on uncertainty shocks or structural unemployment related to construction do not explain our results. Using the relation between non-tradable sector job losses and demand shocks and assuming Cobb-Douglas preferences over tradable and non-tradable goods, we quantify the effect of aggregate demand channel on total employment. Our estimates suggest that the decline in aggregate demand driven by household balance sheet shocks accounts for almost 4 million of the lost jobs from 2007 to 2009, or 65% of the lost jobs in our data.

The Value of IAQ: A Review of the Scientific Evidence Supporting the Benefits of Investing in Better Indoor Air Quality

Other studies have examined how ventilation rates, combined with the presence of pollutant sources, can affect productivity. These studies provide evidence that increased ventilation, including increases above common guidance levels such as ASHRAE’s ventilation standards, improve occupant productivity. Increased occupant control over ventilation has also been shown to improve productivity. Higher indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) levels have been directly associated with impaired work performance and increased health symptoms. Historically, it was believed that these associations exist only because higher indoor CO2 concentrations, resulting from lower outdoor air ventilation rates, are also correlated with higher levels of other indoor-generated pollutants that directly cause the adverse effects. More recent studies, however, have found that CO2 itself, even at levels previously considered acceptable, may have adverse effects. Considering the benefits and demonstrated return on investment, building owners and operators should consider proactive methods of improving IAQ. Established strategies and guidelines are readily available to help identify and implement IAQ-related improvements. These include recognizing and addressing potential and real IAQ issues during the design, construction, renovation, and ongoing maintenance of buildings. Research has found that the benefits of IAQ improvement far outweigh the costs, with estimates of 3–6 times returns for increased ventilation, 8 times returns for increased filtration, and up to 60 times returns when all improvements and related benefits are combined. Collectively, the scientific literature demonstrates that improved workplace productivity and reduced absenteeism from improved IAQ have been shown to provide substantial financial benefits, with the benefits often greatly outweighing the associated costs

Contribution of the Therapeutic Education to the Reduction of the Viral Load with the People Living with HIV in Ivory Coast: Case of the General Hospital of Dabou

Our research explores the adoption of the new approach for managing the insertion of HIV patients in the public hospital of Dabou, Ivory Coast.  Our study of phenomenological type is in a context of the spread of the pandemic of the virus HIV forth 20th century (HIV/AIDS). With a big influence in sub-Saharan Africa, the complexity of the antiretroviral treatment, its side effects and especially risks of vial resistance. What justifies the use of therapeutic education throughout the whole process of recovery in France as well as in Ivory Coast? We used the public hospital of Dabou because of the strong group of people living with a high viral load of HIV in this town. Our aim is to show how therapeutic education can reduce the viral load among the people living with the HIV and treated at the public hospital of Dabou. Our sample is about 200 persons living with a high viral load which is over 5000 ml of blood; we have been having one individual session and two group sessions with each of them. Our results confirm the usefulness of the therapeutic education in the care of people living with HIV for the reducing of their viral load. Keywords: Therapeutic education, viral load, Detectable, Undetectable. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/90-08 Publication date:June 30th 2021

Spartan Daily, September 8, 1986

Volume 87, Issue 7https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/7464/thumbnail.jp

The Tipping Point in the Status of Socially Responsible Consumer Behavior Research? A Bibliometric Analysis

Looking at the impact of society on the environment or, as we write this manuscript in the midst of the COVID-19 crisis, the scenes of consumers hoarding products, we wonder if consumers really do exhibit socially responsible consumer behaviors (SRCB). An initial literature review showed that few studies have addressed this issue, which creates opportunities for the development of new research lines. Furthermore, no study had examined the conceptual evolution or whether SRCB is a developed or fragmented theme from an exhaustive compilation of all previous academic research. To address the proposed research questions, we conducted a bibliometric analysis applied to a corpus of manuscripts on SRCB indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) bibliographic database, from its inception in 1991 up to 2019. Co-word analysis provided a structure of conceptual sub-domains classified based on their density and centrality. In addition, thematic networks were extracted that showed the important associations between the main issues that the SRCB community has addressed, which enabled the authors to examine the subject’s intellectual structuring over almost three decades. The findings showed that the research, over time, has focused most on corporate social responsibility (CSR), this being a motor theme between 2013 and 2016. In general, SRCB has been a very fragmented field of study, however in the last three years, it has developed into a distinct entity; in the past, it was basically addressed through CSR. The most productive thematic areas during the last 30 years have been: (a) Research into consumer attitude, (b) research on CSR, and (c) research on social and sustainable consumption behavior. In response to calls for greater theoretical clarification of the SRCB discipline, the authors providing experts and novices with a better understanding of the current state of the art and suggest future research directions.The authors are grateful for the financial assistance provided via the ADEMAR research group (University of Granada) under the auspices of the Spanish National Research Programme (R+D+i Research Project ECO2017-88458-R)

The role of drug resistance in poor viral suppression in rural South Africa: findings from a population-based study.

BACKGROUND:Understanding factors driving virological failure, including the contribution of HIV drug resistance mutations (DRM), is critical to ensuring HIV treatment remains effective. We examine the contribution of drug resistance mutations for low viral suppression in HIV-positive participants in a population-based sero-prevalence survey in rural South Africa. METHODS:We conducted HIV drug resistance genotyping and ART analyte testing on dried blood spots (DBS) from HIV-positive adults participating in a 2014 survey in North West Province. Among those with virologic failure (> 5000 copies/mL), we describe frequency of DRM to protease inhibitors (PI), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), report association of resistance with antiretroviral therapy (ART) status, and assess resistance to first and second line therapy. Analyses are weighted to account for sampling design. RESULTS:Overall 170 DBS samples were assayed for viral load and ART analytes; 78.4% of men and 50.0% of women had evidence of virologic failure and were assessed for drug resistance, with successful sequencing of 76/107 samples. We found ≥1 DRM in 22% of participants; 47% were from samples with detectable analyte (efavirenz, nevirapine or lopinavir). Of those with DRM and detectable analyte, 60% showed high-level resistance and reduced predicted virologic response to ≥1 NRTI/NNRTI typically used in first and second-line regimens. CONCLUSIONS:DRM and predicted reduced susceptibility to first and second-line regimens were common among adults with ART exposure in a rural South African population-based sample. Results underscore the importance of ongoing virologic monitoring, regimen optimization and adherence counseling to optimize durable virologic suppression